老年人练太极拳的心率变异性分析   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

孙绪生 《体育学刊》2000,(2):37-38,36

检测了１４例练简化太极拳（简称“太极拳”老年人的心率变异性,并以１４例青年人作对照。发现安静时和练拳后１１０分钟内,锻炼组,对照组心动周期间隔和反映交感神经活性的低频成分与反映迷走神经活性的低频成分与反映迷走神经活性的高频成分的比值的差别,都无统计学意义。表明锻炼组心脏活动的植物神经系统调节及其交感迷走神经动态平衡变化的程度,与对照组相似,提示太极拳锻炼具有延缓植物神经系统衰老的作用,可能是太极拳  相似文献   

明代国子监创监原因探析     

段建军 《广州广播电视大学学报》2008,8(5):76-79

立国之初,百废待兴,明政权面临许诸多政治难题。其中之一便是人才问题,它关系到明政权的巩固及国家的长治久安。立国之初人才供需矛盾、征召所得人才素质参差不齐难胜大任、实现明王朝长治久安的政治追求,构成了明代国子监创监的三大原因。朱元璋为了培养人才将学校与农桑并列,视为立国之首务。作为学校之首的国子监,其创建成为当务之急。  相似文献   

日本沼虾眼柄神经激素对其色素细胞调节机制的研究     

张宽  李颜  黄金刚 《黄山学院学报》2005,7(6):82-84

将不同浓度,不同剂量的眼柄提取液注射入置于不同色光环境中的日本沼虾体内,研究日本沼虾眼柄神经激素对其色素细胞调节机制。从而对无脊椎动物体色调节机制进行了初步解释。探明了色素细胞对眼柄提取液的最敏感的浓度和剂量,对甲壳动物眼柄神经激素的进一步研究具有重要的方法学意义。  相似文献   

Why ‘the best way of learning to coach the game is playing the game’: conceptualising ‘fast-tracked’ high-performance coaching pathways     

Alexander David Blackett  Adam Evans  David Piggott 《Sport, Education and Society》2017,22(6):744-758

At the beginning of the 2013/2014 season in England and Wales, 90 head coaches of the 92 men's national professional football league clubs and 20 of the 22 men's professional rugby union clubs had tenure as a professional elite player in their respective sports. Moreover, Rynne [(2014). ‘Fast track’ and ‘traditional path’ coaches: Affordances, agency and social capital. Sport, Education and Society, 19, 299–313] has claimed that many former elite athletes are ‘fast-tracked’ through formal accreditation structures into these high-performance coaching roles. The reasons why former elite athletes dominate head coaching roles in professional sports clubs and why a ‘fast-track’ pathway from elite athlete to high-performance coach is supported remain unclear. Thereby the present study sought to address this issue by investigating the basis for ‘fast-tracked’ head coaching appointments. Eight male directors of men's professional football and rugby union clubs in England were interviewed to examine how particular coaching skills and sources of knowledge were valorised. Drawing upon Bourdieu's conceptual framework, the results suggested that head coaching appointments were often based upon the perceived ability of head coaches gaining player ‘respect’. Experiences gained during earlier athletic careers were assumed to provide head coaches with the ability to develop practical sense and an elite sporting habitus commensurate with the requirements of the field of elite sports coaching. This included leadership and practical coaching skills to develop technical and tactical astuteness, from which, ‘respect’ could be quickly gained and maintained. The development of coaching skills was rarely associated with only formal coaching qualifications. The ‘fast-tracking’ of former athletes for high-performance coaching roles was promoted by directors to ensure the perpetuation of specific playing and coaching philosophies. Consequently, this may exclude groups from coaching roles in elite men's sport. The paper concludes by outlining how these findings might imply a disjuncture between the skills promoted during formal coaching qualifications and the expectations club directors have of elite coaches in these sports.  相似文献   

Communicating Politics: Using Active Learning to Demonstrate the Value of the Discipline     

Matthew Johnson 《British Journal of Educational Studies》2016,64(3):315-335

In the context of higher tuition fees, the Government’s employability agenda and growing concern for defined career development strategies among young people, there is a need more effectively for Politics programmes to foster the capacity to communicate politics. Without communicating the implications and relevance of politics the subject and the skills derived from studying within Politics the discipline, Politics departments may face recruitment difficulties that those in, for example, the natural sciences, vocational subjects or the ascendant Business Management, may not. This article examines pedagogical means of promoting the capacity to communicate politics as part of an overall programme which integrates outreach, widening participation, recruitment, undergraduate study and employability activities. I focus, in particular, on applying salient approaches prominent within the Politics pedagogical literature to the development of the curriculum of a third year undergraduate module in the Department of Politics, Philosophy and Religion at Lancaster University: PPR389: Communicating Politics. I suggest that incorporating active learning and innovative teaching and assessment methods provides opportunities for meeting both student recruitment and employability agendas in Politics and beyond.  相似文献   

Ethnography in Action: Active Learning in Academic Library Outreach to Middle School Students     

Samantha Godbey  Nancy Fawley  Xan Goodman  Susan Wainscott 《图书馆管理杂志》2015,55(5):362-375

This article describes an outreach activity developed and coordinated by academic librarians as part of a state program for low-income middle school students. Rather than offering a traditional library tour, the library organizers wanted to provide the middle school students with a meaningful experience that would encourage active participation, critical thinking, and alleviate library anxiety. As a spin on the traditional tour, students applied an ethnographic approach to learning about the library. The authors describe the development and implementation of the activity and provide recommendations for other librarians involved in outreach to K–12 students.  相似文献   

不同非稳定支撑面上徒手练习动作核心区肌肉肌电分析     

岳建军  龚俊丽  周燕 《北京体育大学学报》2015,38(9):52-57

摘要：目的：比较俯卧撑、仰卧起坐和俯卧转体180°3种徒手练习动作分别在地板、BOSU球、瑞士球和平衡板4种支撑面上的运动员核心区肌肉肌电数值差别,探讨稳定与非稳定练习对相关肌群刺激程度,重新认识核心训练的实质,为核心稳定性训练手段的优化提供依据。方法：以15名高水平健美操运动员为研究对象,运用Noraxon 公司的Telemyo2400DTS16通道表面肌电系统对4种支撑面上3种常用练习动作的核心区肌肉肌电数据进行分析。结果：运动员在完成仰卧起坐练习时只有在地板上竖脊肌积分肌电值有显著性差异（P<0.05）。俯卧撑练习时BOSU球与瑞士球、地板与瑞士球、平衡板与瑞士球相比,腹直肌的积分肌电值有显著性差异（P<0.05）,其中后2种相比腹斜肌积分肌电值有非常显著差异（P<0.01）; 胸大肌积分肌电值地板与BOSU球相比有非常显著性差异（P<0.01）,地板与瑞士球相比有显著性差异（P<0.05）。俯卧转体180°练习时,只有腹斜肌和竖脊肌积分肌电值在地板与瑞士球、地板与平衡板上呈现非常显著性差异（P<0.01）,BOSU球与瑞士球相比呈现显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论：在选择核心区力量训练手段时,仰卧起坐动作适宜在稳定支撑面上进行;俯卧撑和俯卧转体动作适宜在瑞士球上进行。因此,核心非稳定训练并不一定比稳定训练对肌肉有更强烈的刺激,取决于所选择练习动作和器材的组合,其实质是创设核心区肌肉共同协调收缩的环境,以提高人体的稳定性。  相似文献   

心梗后进行有氧运动干预对大鼠心脏TH、TNF-α和ROS水平的关系探讨     

陈婷  田振军 《北京体育大学学报》2015,38(7):79-84

摘要: 目的:探讨心梗后进行4周有氧运动干预对大鼠心脏交感神经标记物TH,促炎因子TNF-α与氧化应激水平的关系。方法: 选取雄性SD大鼠36只,随机分为假手术对照组(SC),心肌梗死组(MI),心梗+持续有氧运动组(ME),每组12只。MI组采用心脏左冠状动脉前降支(LAD)结扎法,建立MI模型。SC组大鼠实施假手术,ME组大鼠在MI手术后一周进行4跑台运动。运动以10 m/min速度开始,运动5 min后,以3 m/min的速度递增至16 m/min。运动总时间均为60 min,5 d/周×4周。训练结束后测定各组大鼠心电图变化。之后开胸摘取心脏,进行组织学制片。免疫组化法观察分析左心室交感神经标记物TH及促炎因子TNF-α表达。Western Blot法检测TH及TNF-α蛋白含量。DHE法检测心肌超氧阴离子水平。结果: 与SC组相比,MI组大鼠左心室中可见大量TH阳性神经纤维(P<0.01),其蛋白表达显著增加(P<0.01)。同时TNF-α蛋白表达及超氧阴离子水平显著升高(均P<0.01)。与MI组比较,ME组左心室TH,TNF-α蛋白表达及超氧阴离子水平均显著下降(P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.01)。且发现左心室TH表达与ROS水平呈显著正相关(R=0.53, P<0.05),而TH与TNF-α相关性不显著 (R=0.41, P=0.11)。结论: 心梗后早期进行四周持续有氧运动干预可抑制心梗大鼠心脏交感神经标志物TH,其可能与抑制心肌氧化应激水平关系密切,与炎性细胞因子TNF-α水平关系不显著。  相似文献   

“When I Grow up I Would Like to Be …”: Factors Affecting Career Choice of Community Disability Workers in Southern Africa     

Sarah Rule  Callista Kahonde  Theresa Lorenzo 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2015,62(5):486-500

The effectiveness of community based rehabilitation (CBR) programmes depends on the calibre of staff recruited and employed. Therefore, this study aimed to understand how the life experiences of community disability workers (CDWs) in Malawi, Botswana and South Africa influenced their choice of career. A life history approach was used to gather data from 16 CDWs, involving two interviews of each participant. Disability Studies postgraduate students conducted the interviews and analysed the data with academic staff, using thematic content analysis. It was found that lack of career guidance and information about community disability work affected participants’ initial choice of career. Some ended up in CBR because poor schooling prevented them from choosing other careers. Personal experience of disability and exposure to role models in rehabilitation motivated the career choice of some. The authors make recommendations including the selection of trainees with personal experience of disability and CDWs mentoring potential recruits.  相似文献   

新引进的研发人才为何留不住？一项大数据与经验取样法的研究     

夏天添  田建 《科技管理研究》2021,41(13):117-125

基于ASA理论和求职者需求视角,采用Python大数据爬虫技术,对我国各大主要招聘网站及相关求职论坛的研发类岗位求职者评论,进行连续15天的大数据爬取,并通过Nvivo 15.0软件归纳出企业招聘信息质量的结构维度与观测评价方案.之后,通过对研发类新员工展开连续5周的经验取样实验发现,招聘信息质量会延时调节新员工入职后的体验感受,进而影响其工作嵌套认知的准确性;且该作用会在新员工形成工作嵌套认知后,持续调节影响其留职意愿.根据研究结论,建议相关企业,在人才招聘(引进)工作中,优化现有招聘流程,帮助新员工快速提升留职意愿,以在源头上遏制因新员工预期落差所造成的人才流失问题.  相似文献